Advance of gastrointestnal endoscopic resection: from mucosa to serosa

Abstract

In recent years, the rapid development of digestive endoscopy technology has brought revolutionary changes to endoscopic treatment. Especially, the extent of endoscopic resection has gone through the leap of mucosal layer, submucosal layer, muscular layer and extraserosal lesions from inside to outside, and the corresponding treatment technology is from endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection, submucosal tunnelling endoscopic resection, endoscopic full-thickness resection to new natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery. Mucosal surgery and serosal surgery have been fused together, and digestive endoscopists have done part of surgeon's work. Chinese and Japanese endoscopists have made great contribution and greatly promoted these endoscopic techniques, thus, the indications of endoscopic resection have been extended. In this review, we summarized the indications of these new methods in hope of guiding clinical practice.

Keywords

• endoscopic mucosal resection
• submucosal tunnelling endoscopic resection
• natural orifice endoscopic surgery