Endoscopy International Open (Jun 2023)

Current state of biliary cannulation techniques during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): International survey study

  • Abdul Kouanda,
  • Alexis Bayudan,
  • Azhar Hussain,
  • Patrick Avila,
  • Faisal Kamal,
  • Muhammad Khalid Hasan,
  • Sun-Chuan Dai,
  • Craig Munroe,
  • Nikhil Thiruvengadam,
  • Mustafa A Arain

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2085-4565
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 06
pp. E588 – E598

Abstract

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Background and study aims Endoscopist techniques affect biliary cannulation success and the risk of adverse events during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This survey study aims to understand the current practice of biliary cannulation techniques among endoscopists. Methods Practicing endoscopists were sent an anonymous 28-question electronic survey on biliary cannulation techniques and intraprocedural pancreatitis prophylactic strategies. Results The survey was completed by 692 endoscopists (6.2% females). A wire-guided cannulation technique (WGT) was the preferred initial biliary cannulation approach (95%). The preferred secondary approaches were a double-wire (DWT) (65.8%), precut needle-knife technique (NKT) (25.7%), transpancreatic sphincterotomy (5.9%) or other (2.6%). Overall, 18.1% of respondents were not comfortable with NKTs. In the setting of pancreatic duct (PD) access, 81.9% and 97% reported a threshold of three or more wire passes or contrast injections into the PD, respectively, before changing strategy, 34% reported placement of a prophylactic PD stent 200 ERCPs per year) were associated with comfort with precut NKTs and likelihood of prophylactic PD stent (P<0.001 for both). Conclusions A WGT technique followed by the DWT and NKT were the preferred biliary cannulation techniques; however, almost one-fifth of respondents were not comfortable with the NKT. There was considerable variability in secondary cannulation approaches, time spent attempting biliary cannulation and prophylactic PD stent placement, factors known to be associated with cannulation success and adverse outcomes.