Effect of “EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES” on the biochemical parameters of bee haemolymph in an entomological cage experiment
Abstract
The problem of proper support for the health of bee colonies is now a topical issue. The study of bee haemolymph parameters under the influence of certain agents and factors has been carried out by a number of scientists in different countries of the world. Therefore the determination of changes in biochemical parameters of bee hemolymph when applying different concentrations (5 %, 2.5 %, 1.25 %) of “EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES” diluted with honey buckwheat and sugar syrup was the aim of the experiment. The study included placing experimental insects in entomological cages, creating optimal conditions for their life, feeding them with “EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES” diluted with honey buckwheat and sugar syrup in different concentrations and studying biochemical parameters of their haemolymph on the “limiting” day in relation to the time of their death. Some biochemical parameters of the bees from 8 experimental groups (laboratory conditions) were compared with the hemolymph Apis mellifera of the control (natural conditions) group from the same apiary. Biochemical parameters of haemolymph: total protein (PRO); albumin (ALB); glucose (GLU); α-amylase (AMY); alkaline phosphatase (ALP); aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (SGOT); gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and creatinine (Cre) were determined by a Chem 7 semiautomatic biochemical analyser by wavelength selection and calibration for each parameter. The changes in these parameters in relation to the bee organism under laboratory conditions are interpreted. The negative effects of honey buckwheat syrup as a solvent for “EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES” have been revealed, leading to hyperprotenemia, where an excessive amount of protein can act as a trigger for the development of ketosis. In turn, the decomposition product of this protein, ammonia, that causes high enzyme activity in the form of aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in the blood of experimental insects which were fed probiotic diluted with buckwheat honey syrup. At the same time, concentrations of the preparation diluted with sugar syrup solution were determined to cause an increase in the content of globulins in the haemolymph of experimental insects, which have important immunological significance. There was a decrease in creatinine in the haemolymph of experimental insects which had been fed “EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES”, diluted with sugar syrup solution (5 % – 780 µmol/l; 2.5 % – 700.8 µmol/l; 1.25 % – 62.4 µmol/l). Note the fact of satisfactory operation of the malpighian vessels of the excretory system of experimental insects. Thus, “EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES” is a promising agent with a differential effect on the biochemical parameters of bee hemolymph in the studied concentrations.
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