Pathophysiology of Post-COVID syndromes: a new perspective

Abstract

Key summary points Post-COVID (PCS) syndrome may progress in association with the development of mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS). High D-dimer levels and blood urea nitrogen were observed to be risk factors associated with pulmonary dysfunction in COVID-19 survivors 3 months post-hospital discharge with the development of PCS. Persistence of inflammatory reactions, autoimmune mimicry, and reactivation of pathogens together with host microbiome alterations may contribute to the development of PCS. MCAS is treated by antihistamines, inhibition of synthesis of mediators, inhibition of mediator release, and inhibition of degranulation of mast cells.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• Post-COVID syndrome
• Mast cell activation syndrome
• Pathogenesis