Ambiente familiar, actividad física y sedentarismo en preadolescentes con obesidad infantil: estudio ANOBAS de casos-controles

Abstract

Resumen: Objetivo: Comparar los niveles de actividad física y sedentarismo en niños con obesidad y normopeso, y analizar el nivel de actividad física del cuidador principal junto con el ambiente familiar. Diseño: Estudio caso-control. Emplazamiento: Un centro de salud y colegios de la Comunidad de Madrid. Participantes: Un total de 50 niños con obesidad entre 8 y 12 años (GO; P > 97) y sus madres, fueron emparejados por edad, sexo y estatus socioeconómico de sus padres (1:1) con 50 niños con normopeso (GN; P 97) and their mothers were matched by age, sex and socioeconomic status of their parents (1: 1) with 50 children with normopeso (GN; P < 85). Main measurements: Physical activity levels were measured by accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X), levels of physical activity of the primary caregiver were measured through physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and the environment in relation to the physical activity was measured by the Home Environment Scale (HES-S). Results: The group GO showed less vigorous physical activity than their peers in the GN group. Vigorous physical activity in the GO group was associated with modeling and parental policies regarding physical activity. A multiple regression analysis revealed that 21% of the variance of weight status of children was explained by sex, vigorous physical activity and maternal body mass index. Conclusions: The levels of vigorous physical activity and the family environment differ between children with obesity and normal weight. Therefore, it is important to continue working on the awareness of illness and the promotion of healthy habits from Primary Care and the school and institutional context. Palabras clave: Caso-control, Obesidad infantil, Actividad física, Modelado, Ambiente obesogénico, Acelerometría, Keywords: Case-control study, Childhood obesity, Physical activity, Parental modeling, Obesogenic environment, Accelerometers