Effect of Physical Activity on Cognitive Flexibility and Perfectionism in the Elderly

Abstract

Objectives In general, the older adults have limited physical activity. Hence, this study aimed to determine the effect of physical activity on cognitive flexibility and perfectionism in older adults.  Methods & Materials The study followed the causal-comparative research design. A total of 126 elderly people from the neighborhood, elderly community, parks, gardens and recreational areas in the first and third districts of Tehran were selected for this research work using purposive sampling method. The participants completed demographic, cognitive status, CHAMPS physical activity, Hill’s perfectionism, and cognitive flexibility questionnaires. Results A significant difference was observed in the relationship between perfectionism and cognitive flexibility in three groups of older adults with low, high and average physical activity levels (P<0.05). The mean scores of perceived control, perceived several solutions and justifications perception, cognitive flexibility and perfectionism were higher in aged people with high levels of physical activity compared to those having other levels of physical activity. Conclusion Our findings indicate that physical activity can help improve cognitive flexibility and perfectionism in older adults. Also, an active lifestyle is recommended for older adults to enhance their cognitive factors.

Keywords

• Physical activity
• Cognitive flexibility
• Perfectionism