Accurate Traceability of Stable C, H, O, N Isotope Ratios and Multi-Element Analysis Combined with Chemometrics for Chrysanthemi Flos ‘Hangbaiju’ from Different Origins
Xiuyun Bai,
Hengye Chen,
Wanjun Long,
Wei Lan,
Siyu Wang,
Guanghua Lei,
Yuting Guan,
Jian Yang,
Haiyan Fu
Affiliations
Xiuyun Bai
The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
Hengye Chen
The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
Wanjun Long
The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
Wei Lan
The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
Siyu Wang
The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
Guanghua Lei
The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
Yuting Guan
The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
Jian Yang
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
Haiyan Fu
The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
Chrysanthemi Flos ‘Hangbaiju’ (HBJ) is a common Chinese medicinal material with the same origin as the medicinal and edible cognate plant in China, whose quality is seriously affected by the place of origin. In this study, four stable isotope ratios (δ15N, δ2H, δ13C, and δ18O) and 44 elements were detected and analyzed in 191 HBJ flower samples from six locations in China to trace the origin of HBJ. An ANOVA analysis of δ15N, δ2H, δ13C, and δ18O values, as well as milti-elements, showed that there were significant differences among the six places of origin. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) and one-class partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models were established to trace the origin of HBJ from these six locations. The results showed that the classification effect of the PLSDA model is poor; however, the established OPLS-DA model can distinguish between products of national geographic origin (Tongxiang City, Zhejiang Province, China) and samples from other origins, among which Ni, Mo, δ13C, Cu, and Ce elements (VIP > 1) contribute the most to this classification. Therefore, this study provides a new method for tracing the origins of HBJ, which is of great significance for the protection of origin labeling of products.
