Usefulness of P‐wave duration in patients with sick sinus syndrome as a predictor of atrial fibrillation

Abstract

Abstract Background This study aimed to clarify P‐wave duration (PWD) ability before pacemaker implantation to predict worsening atrial fibrillation (AF) burden after the procedure. Methods We retrospectively investigated 75 patients who underwent permanent pacemaker implantation due to sick sinus syndrome (SSS) at Komaki City Hospital between January 2006 and May 2019. Worsening AF burden was defined as an increase in the number of AF episodes, each lasting ≥5.5 hours a day. Results In the study population, 17 patients (23%) had worsening AF burden during the follow‐up period. These patients had significantly longer PWD in lead Ⅱ (117.9 ± 19.9 ms vs 101.3 ± 20.0 ms, P = .002) than the patients without worsening AF burden. The best discriminative cutoff value for PWD in lead Ⅱ was 108 ms (sensitivity, 77%; specificity, 67%). In multivariate analysis, PWD in lead II ≥108 ms (hazard ratio, 5.395; 95% confidence interval, 1.352‐21.523; P = .017) was an independent predictor of worsening AF burden. Patients with PWD in lead II <108 ms showed a significantly higher event‐free rate against worsening AF burden than those with PWD in lead II ≥108 ms (81% vs 9%, P = .005). Conclusions Prolonged PWD before pacemaker implantation was the most important independent predictor of worsening AF burden after the procedure. In patients with SSS, prolonged PWD can be a useful marker for predicting worsening of AF burden after pacemaker implantation.

Keywords

• atrial fibrillation
• electrocardiogram
• pacemaker
• P‐wave duration
• sick sinus syndrome