In situ flame-synthesis of nanostructured carbon materials via facile alcohol Bunsen burner

Hao-Lin Hsu; Ta-Hui Lin; Chao-Ming Huang; Wei-Cheng Chiu; Wen-Chang Huang; Shuhn-Shyurng Hou

Arabian Journal of Chemistry (Apr 2024)

In situ flame-synthesis of nanostructured carbon materials via facile alcohol Bunsen burner

Hao-Lin Hsu,
Ta-Hui Lin,
Chao-Ming Huang,
Wei-Cheng Chiu,
Wen-Chang Huang,
Shuhn-Shyurng Hou

Affiliations

Hao-Lin Hsu: Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Electrical Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC; Corresponding authors at: Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC.
Ta-Hui Lin: Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
Chao-Ming Huang: Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Material Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC
Wei-Cheng Chiu: Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC
Wen-Chang Huang: Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Electrical Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC
Shuhn-Shyurng Hou: Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC; Corresponding authors at: Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 17, no. 4
p. 105654

Abstract

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This study aimed to investigate the in-situ synthesis of nanostructured carbon materials using alcohol flames generated by a Bunsen lamp burner and a catalytic Ni substrate, as opposed to the chemical vapor deposition method. Four different liquid fuels were utilized, including n-butanol, ethanol, n-butanol/aqueous ammonia, and ethanol/aqueous ammonia. The carbon growth, morphology, and structure caused by the parameters of sampling position, temperature distribution, and liquid fuel type were investigated using the diffusion flame produced by the atmospheric alcohol lamp burner. The results show that the additive aqueous ammonia affects not only the flame temperature but also the axial position of the highest temperature. When using n-butanol and portions of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % of aqueous ammonia mixed fuels, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and carbon nano-onions (CNOs) are both observed; however, using ethanol and the portions of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % of aqueous ammonia mixed fuels, only CNTs are synthesized. Soot particles show concentrically stacked carbon layers with a diameter of around 45 ± 5 nm. CNTs have no encapsulated Ni catalytic particles at the closed tip, showing the root growth mechanism and indicating differences from the top growth mechanism. In addition, graphene could be synthesized in pure n-butanol and n-butanol/ammonia flames, but not in pure ethanol and ethanol/ammonia flames. The IG/ID ratio values of the raw CNOs (2.33) and CNTs (1.05) are greater than 1, where IG/ID is the intensity ratio of Raman G-band and D-band peaks, indicating good crystallization of the graphite layer of these nanostructured carbon materials. Notably, flame synthesis via an alcohol Bunsen lamp burner simplifies operations saves resources, and improves conventional production, demonstrating a facile and efficient method.

Published in Arabian Journal of Chemistry

ISSN: 1878-5352 (Print)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/arabian-journal-of-chemistry/

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