Physics Letters B (Apr 2025)
Measurement of the neutron total cross section of Iron at the Back-n white neutron source of CSNS
- Jiangbo Bai,
- Jingyu Tang,
- Liqun Shi,
- Yonghao Chen,
- Han Yi,
- Guohui Zhang,
- Haofan Bai,
- Jie Bao,
- Ping Cao,
- Zhen Chen,
- Zengqi Cui,
- Anchuan Fan,
- Ruirui Fan,
- Changqing Feng,
- Fanzhen Feng,
- Keqing Gao,
- MinHao Gu,
- Changcai Han,
- Guozhu He,
- Yongcheng He,
- Yang Hong,
- Yiwei Hu,
- Hanxiong Huang,
- Weihua Jia,
- Haoyu Jiang,
- Wei Jiang,
- Zhijie Jiang,
- Zhengyao Jin,
- Ling Kang,
- Bo Li,
- Chao Li,
- Gong Li,
- Jiawen Li,
- Qiang Li,
- Xiao Li,
- Yang Li,
- Jie Liu,
- Shubin Liu,
- Guangyuan Luan,
- Changjun Ning,
- Binbin Qi,
- Jie Ren,
- Xichao Ruan,
- Zhaohui Song,
- Kang Sun,
- Zhixin Tan,
- Shengda Tang,
- Lijiao Wang,
- Pengcheng Wang,
- Zhaohui Wang,
- Xiaoguang Wu,
- Xuan Wu,
- Likun Xie,
- Yongji Yu,
- Linhao Zhang,
- Mohan Zhang,
- Qiwei Zhang,
- Xianpeng Zhang,
- Yuliang Zhang,
- Yue Zhang,
- Zhiyong Zhang,
- Maoyuan Zhao,
- Luping Zhou,
- Zhihao Zhou,
- Kejun Zhu
Affiliations
- Jiangbo Bai
- Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
- Jingyu Tang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Corresponding authors.
- Liqun Shi
- Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Corresponding authors.
- Yonghao Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Han Yi
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Guohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
- Haofan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
- Jie Bao
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, PR China
- Ping Cao
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Zhen Chen
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Zengqi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
- Anchuan Fan
- USTC archaeometry lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Ruirui Fan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Changqing Feng
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Fanzhen Feng
- USTC archaeometry lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Keqing Gao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- MinHao Gu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Changcai Han
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, PR China
- Guozhu He
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, PR China
- Yongcheng He
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Yang Hong
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Yiwei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
- Hanxiong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, PR China
- Weihua Jia
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Haoyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
- Wei Jiang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Zhijie Jiang
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Zhengyao Jin
- USTC archaeometry lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Ling Kang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Bo Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Chao Li
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Gong Li
- USTC archaeometry lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Jiawen Li
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Qiang Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Xiao Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Yang Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
- Shubin Liu
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Guangyuan Luan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, PR China
- Changjun Ning
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Binbin Qi
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Jie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, PR China
- Xichao Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, PR China
- Zhaohui Song
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, PR China
- Kang Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Zhixin Tan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Shengda Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Lijiao Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Pengcheng Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, PR China
- Xiaoguang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, PR China
- Xuan Wu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Likun Xie
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Yongji Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Linhao Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Mohan Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Qiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, PR China
- Xianpeng Zhang
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, PR China
- Yuliang Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Yue Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China
- Zhiyong Zhang
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Maoyuan Zhao
- Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
- Luping Zhou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Zhihao Zhou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Kejun Zhu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139355
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 863
p. 139355
Abstract
The neutron total cross section of iron (natFe) plays an important role in the basic science of nuclear physics, nuclear technology and nuclear energy application. A new measurement of the total cross section of iron from 0.3 eV to 150 MeV was carried out in single and double bunch modes by transmission method and time of flight method with multi-cell fast fission ionization chamber (FIC) with 235U and 238U coating materials at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). Normalized fission counts-neutron energy spectra for sample-in and sample-out states were obtained and superimposed. The Bayesian method was used to eliminate the influence of the double-bunch problem on neutron measurement in the energy region above 10 keV. The transmissions obtained in single bunch and unfolded in double bunch coincided well. From 0.3 eV to 150 MeV, the ratio of most energy points of cross section in single bunch and in double bunch fluctuates within 10 %. In the energy range of 0.3 eV to 10 keV, the experimental results using 20 mm and 40 mm thickness iron samples both agree very well with the evaluated data of JEFF-3.3 and ENDF/B-VIII.0 at most energy points, fluctuating within 3 %. In the energy range of 10 keV to 150 MeV, the results agree well with the evaluated data in terms of values and trends. The main resonance peaks of the total cross section of iron at the energies of 3.94 keV, 6.24 keV, 7.76 keV, 27.9 keV, 52.1 keV, 74.1 keV, 83.9 keV, 141 keV, 170 keV, 188 keV and 386 keV are well represented in our results. The relative uncertainties of the total cross sections using the 40 mm iron sample by FIC-235U are within 2 % at most energy points. In 1.5 MeV-140 MeV region, the relative uncertainties of the total cross section using the 20 mm iron and 40 mm iron samples by FIC-238U are around 2 % and 1 %, respectively. The total cross section results can be used as a reference for nuclear data evaluation.
Keywords
- The neutron total cross section
- Iron
- CSNS back-N
- TOF method
- Transmission
- Multi-cell fast fission chamber
