Degradation potential of various enzymes in bioremediation of toxic contaminants

Abstract

Bioremediation is term define to utilise different living organisms for reducing the toxic impacts of contaminants. There are numerous of contaminants in the environment with their persistence and bioaccumulation abilities. These contaminants involved heavy metals, dye disposals, petroleum wastes, oil spills etc. Enzymes are biocatalysts that are responsible for hydrolysing a particular reaction in a specific cell of living organisms. Enzymes have been serving in various sectors for several years’ industries like pharmaceuticals, food, detergent, leather, paper, fabric, and many more. Despite various applications of biological or microbial enzymes, they are comparatively cheaper, stable, and reusable than chemical catalysts. Therefore enzyme-based reactions are preferable to chemical reactions in almost every industry. Proteases, amylases, and lipases are prioritized in the list of industrial enzymes cellulases. Microbial enzymes are attractive to researchers because of their high yield in comparison to chemical reactions. Enzyme applications are not restricted to industrial benefits but they are more eco-friendly than other chemical biocatalysts for example enzymes can reduce dye contaminants from the environment. Over chemical reactions, enzymes are the most suited replaceable candidate due to their agricultural significance. Hence this study will be involved in the comparison of biological catalysts so Enzymes are better options instead of chemical components. Therefore, in this review we will discuss different approach for the degradation for various contaminants with microbes.