Effect of ultrasonic waves on the electrochemical deposition of calcium phosphate/nano-sized silica composite coating

Abstract

This work is focused on development of the calcium phosphate/nano-sized silica composite coating by one-step electrochemical deposition combined with ultrasonic irradiation. Morphology and composition of the coatings deposited on the anodized titanium were studied using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The immersion test in simulated body fluid, and fibroblast cell culture were conducted to evaluate in vitro behavior of the prepared samples. Moreover, the electrochemical techniques including potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to investigate the corrosion behavior of samples in Ringer's solution. Results show that the presence of nano-sized silica particles modifies the surface morphology as a well-arranged lettuce-like mode. Additionally, a homogeneous distribution of silica particles on the calcium phosphate crystals is obtained by electrochemical deposition under ultrasonic condition. The fibroblast cell culture tests reveal that silica particles stimulate cell adhesion and proliferation on the composite coating applied by ultrasound-assisted electrochemical deposition. Also, the filling effect of nano-sized silica particles on the porous calcium phosphate coating leads to achieve the better corrosion protection.

Keywords

• Ultrasonic irradiation
• Electrochemical deposition
• Calcium phosphate coating
• Silica
• Biological behavior
• Corrosion