Zhongguo youzhi (Nov 2022)
南极磷虾油对长跑运动员有氧代谢 及抗疲劳能力的影响Effects of Antarctic krill oil on aerobic metabolism and anti-fatigue ability of long-distance runners
Abstract
为了探讨不同剂量南极磷虾油补充对长跑运动员有氧能力及血液代谢相关指标的影响，选取36名男性长跑运动员为研究对象，随机分为4组，即安慰剂组（PL组）、低剂量磷虾油组（L组）、中剂量磷虾油组（M组）、高剂量磷虾油组（H组），采用双盲随机对照进行实验，其中安慰剂组每天服用1 g大豆油，低、中、高剂量磷虾油组每天分别服用1、2、3 g南极磷虾油，共干预4周。采用Bruce方案对受试者进行跑台递增负荷实验,测定最大摄氧量（VO2max）和无氧阈（AT）；检测运动后0、3、5、7、9 min的血乳酸，计算血乳酸消除速率；采集肘静脉血，分析血常规、血液流变相关指标，以及血清氧化/抗氧化指标及炎症相关因子指标。结果表明：磷虾油组和安慰剂组VO2max、AT和血乳酸消除速率在干预前后均无显著性差异（p>0.05）；与安慰剂组相比，干预4周后磷虾油组血常规各项指标均无显著性差异（p>0.05），M组平均血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）干预后较干预前极显著升高（p0.05).Compared with PL group,after 4 weeks of intervention, there was no significant differences in the blood routine indexes in the krill oil groups(p>0.05), and the mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)in M group very significantly higher after intervention than that before intervention (p<0.01), the MCHC in H group was significantly higher after intervention than that before intervention(p<0.05).Compared with the PL group, after 4 weeks of intervention, the plasma viscosity in L group, M group and H group significantly decreased(p<0.05), and the plasma viscosity of L, M and H groups significantly lower after intervention than that before intervention (p<0.05).Compared with the PL group, after 4 weeks of intervention and 24 h after intensive exercise, the activity of serum antioxidant indexes in groups M and H significantly increased (p<0.05). Compared with the PL group, after 4 weeks of intervention and 24 h after intensive exercise, the expression of serum inflammatory factors in M group and H group significantly decreased (p<0.05). In conclusion, supplementation with Antarctic krill oil can not directly change the athletes′ aerobic capacity, but 4-week Antarctic krill oil intervention can improve the key link of blood transport in the aerobic power chain.In addition, the supplementation of medium- and high-dose of Antarctic krill oil for 4 weeks can significantly improve the body′s antioxidant/anti-inflammatory ability after exercise and promote fatigue recovery.
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