Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of thermal methods for the treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities

Abstract

The aim of the work is to analyze the effectiveness and safety of thermal methods (endovenous laser coagulation (EVLC) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA)) for the treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities and the impact on the quality of patient life. Materials and methods. An open, prospective study of the comparative efficacy of EVLC (124 patients) and RFA (112 patients) for the treatment of patients with varicose vein disease was conducted. Both groups were compared by age, sex, body mass index, clinical manifestations of the venous pathology severity and assessed the risk of potential complications. Determination of quality of life criteria was performed using the AVVQ questionnaire. Results. The average number of cycles performed for the RFA procedure was 13.8 (7; 14), and the energy was 60.1 (8; 80) J/cm for EVLC. The average value of the VAS during the first 14 days after treatment in the EVLC group was 2.2 (sd 1.9), RFA – 0.8 (sd 0.9), P > 0.05. The majority of patients who underwent EVLC used painkillers – 82 (66.1 %), RFA – 48 (42.9 %), P 0.05). Conclusions. Endovenous laser coagulation and radiofrequency ablation are safe and effective thermal treatments for varicose veins of the lower extremities, which lead to a statistically significant improvement in the quality of patient life. Radiofrequency ablation has the advantage of a lower risk of developing general complications.

Keywords

• varicose veins
• thermal treatments
• radiofrequency ablation
• endovenous laser coagulation
• quality of life