آداب الرافدين (Mar 1979)
Ignorance in Iraq until the end of World War II through the stories of Dhanun Ayoub
Abstract
What prompted me to choose the stories of Dhanun Ayoub until the end of World War II to extract from them the evils of ignorance and its dangers to individuals and society is that Dhanun Ayoub is the most closely related story writer in Iraq to the literal reality of reality and most of them aspire to reform, and interest in changing the social reality from its deteriorating state in Iraq That period of feudal domination, the interference of foreign authorities, the ignorance of the people’s representatives in the House of Representatives, the bad regime of the monarchy, the succession of the administrative apparatus, the restriction of women and their confinement in their homes that do not leave them except in rare cases and in cities only, the deteriorating economic conditions and the prevention of knowledge and learning, and the standing of those with interests Against the spread of schools, and helping the reformer side from domination in matters of morals and people’s livelihood and freedom. Thinun Ayyub devoted each of his nine collections of stories that he issued until the end of the Second World War to a specific topic of interest to Iraqi society at the time. He was treated in (The Messengers of Culture ) 1937 The issue of education, and highlighted the woes that the Ministry of Education was burdened with in its administrative apparatus and teachers, and the loss of justice in the treatment of students. In his second group (Victims) 1937, he discussed the problems of women and what they suffer from the pressures of society and the family, and presented the reasons that led them to deviation, and blamed the ignorance that prevailed in society at the time. The Iraqi and seeks, through a romantic behavior, to change what it is capable of changing, so if the backward society stood in the way of achieving its will, it rebelled against it and lived its desired life in isolation from the reality of its society. As for his fourth collection (The Revelation of Art) 1938, it is a cry in the face of ignorance and backwardness and a statement of the importance of culture and arts in the lives of peoples. And presented in his fifth group (Tower of Babel) 1939, the impact of the deterioration of the political situation and the opportunism of the heads of parties in the life of the people and their backwardness and standing against any progress or reform. After my extrapolation to the collections of stories that Dhanun Ayoub issued until the end of the Second World War, I found that many stories revolve around ignorance and backwardness, and it deals with the issue from two main aspects: the causes of ignorance and its consequences. I decided to divide the research into two main parts: The first part deals with the reasons that led to the spread of ignorance. In Iraq as presented by the writer in his stories. The second section is the consequences that ignorance leads to and the many disadvantages that result from it.
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