Zhongguo cuzhong zazhi (Aug 2023)
定制个体化可视化健康教育在缺血性卒中患者中的应用 Application of Customized Visual Health Education in Patients with Ischemic Stroke
Abstract
目的 探讨定制个体化可视化健康教育在缺血性卒中患者中的应用效果，为提升卒中医疗质量提供理论依据。 方法 采用便利抽样法，抽取2020年1—5月在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院血管神经病学病区住院的缺血性卒中患者为对照组；2020年8—12月住院的缺血性卒中患者为干预组。对照组采用常规健康宣教方式，干预组采用基于医院信息系统定制的个体化可视化健康教育形式。比较两组干预前后卒中防治知识的掌握程度，以及出院时和出院后1个月、3个月和6个月的自我效能、用药依从性、生活质量情况。 结果 共纳入100例缺血性卒中患者，对照组44例，干预组46例。干预组出院时卒中相关健康知识问卷评分高于对照组[（82.1±10.6）分 vs.（54.3±6.7）分，P<0.001]，干预组一般自我效能量表（general self-efficacy scale，GSES）评分出院后3个月[（3.5±0.4）分 vs.（3.3±0.3）分，P=0.009]、6个月[（3.7±0.4）分 vs.（3.4±0.3）分，P<0.001]均高于对照组；干预组8条目Morisky用药依从性量表（Morisky medication adherence scale-8，MMAS-8）评分出院后1个月[（7.2±0.6）分 vs.（7.5±0.5）分，P=0.005）、3个月[（6.6±0.8）分 vs.（7.0±0.8）分，P=0.013]、6个月[（4.9±1.2）分 vs.（6.2±1.4）分，P<0.001]均高于对照组；干预组卒中专用生活质量（stroke specific quality of life，SS-QOL）评分出院后1个月[（135.9±38.6）分 vs.（173.4±29.9）分，P<0.001]、3个月[（147.0±39.5）分 vs.（187.3±28.3）分，P<0.001]、6个月[（153.2±40.7）分 vs.（197.4±27.7）分，P<0.001]均高于对照组。 结论 定制个体化可视化健康教育可提高缺血性卒中患者的卒中防治知识掌握程度、自我效能、用药依从性和生活质量，为卒中患者健康教育的规范实施提供参考。 Abstract: Objective To explore the application effect of customized visual health education in patients with ischemic stroke, and to provide theoretical basis for improving the medical quality of stroke. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select ischemic stroke patients hospitalized in Department of Vascular Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January to May 2020 as the control group. Patients with ischemic stroke hospitalized from August to December 2020 were included in the intervention group. The control group adopted conventional health education, and the intervention group adopted individualized visual health education based on the customized hospital information system. The mastery of stroke prevention knowledge before and after the intervention, as well as the self-efficacy, medication compliance and quality of life at discharge, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after discharge were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 100 patients with ischemic stroke were included, 44 in the control group and 46 in the intervention group. The score of stroke-related health knowledge questionnaire in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group at discharge [(82.1±10.6) score vs. (54.3±6.7) score, P<0.001], and the general self-efficacy scale (GSES) score in the intervention group at 3 months after discharge [(3.5±0.4) score vs. (3.3±0.3) score, P=0.090], 6 months [(3.7±0.4) score vs. (3.4±0.3) score, P<0.001] were higher than the control group. The scores of Morisky medication adherence scale-8 (MMAS-8) in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group at 1 month [(7.2±0.6) score vs. (7.5±0.5) score, P=0.005], 3 months [(6.6±0.8) score vs. (7.0±0.8) score, P=0.013], and 6 months [(4.9±1.2) score vs. (6.2±1.4) score, P<0.001] after discharge. The score of stroke specific quality of life (SS-QOL) in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group at 1 month [(135.9±38.6) score vs. (173.4±29.9) score, P<0.001], 3 months [(147.0±39.5) score vs. (187.3±28.3) score, P<0.001], and 6 months [(153.2±40.7) score vs. (197.4±27.7) score, P<0.001] after discharge. Conclusions Customized visual health education can improve stroke prevention knowledge, self-efficacy, medication compliance, quality of life of patients with ischemic stroke, and provide reference for the standard implementation of health education for patients with stroke.
Keywords
