A self-assembled layer-by-layer surface modification to fabricate the neuron-rich model from neural stem/precursor cells

Abstract

Background/Purpose: In vitro neural cell-based models have been widely used to mimic the in vivo neural tissue environments and quantitatively understand the effects of pharmaceutical molecules on neural diseases. Recently, several biomimetic neural tissue models have been widely developed by using biomaterials or surface modification. However, the complex protocols of material synthesis or surface modification lack an easy execution to fabricate the neuron favorite environment. Methods: In this study, we utilized a layer-by-layer technique as a surface modification method for regulating the behaviors of neural stem/precursor cells (NSPCs) on material surfaces. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) via alternate deposition of poly (allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly (sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) were used to culture NSPCs. After incubation for 7 days, the neuronal differentiation of NSPCs and synapse function of differentiated neurons were identified by immunocytochemistry for lineage specific markers. Results: Compared with the only PAH film, the PSS-ending film (neuron-rich model) was shown to significantly promote differentiation of NSPCs into neurons (more than 50%), form a neuronal network structure; and differentiated neurons exhibiting functional synaptic activity. Conclusion: This study shows that the PEMs provided an easily alternative approach to modify the surface properties; and might be a method to obtain a neuron-rich model for the biological/pharmaceutical applications. Keywords: Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM), Neural stem/precursor cells (NSPCs), Neuronal differentiation, Neurite outgrowth