Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles via Biological Entities
Monaliben Shah,
Derek Fawcett,
Shashi Sharma,
Suraj Kumar Tripathy,
Gérrard Eddy Jai Poinern
Affiliations
Monaliben Shah
Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Minerals and Energy, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia
Derek Fawcett
Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Minerals and Energy, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia
Shashi Sharma
Biosecurity and Food Security Academy, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Agricultural Sciences Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia
Suraj Kumar Tripathy
School of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT University, Campus-11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
Gérrard Eddy Jai Poinern
Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Minerals and Energy, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia
Nanotechnology is the creation, manipulation and use of materials at the nanometre size scale (1 to 100 nm). At this size scale there are significant differences in many material properties that are normally not seen in the same materials at larger scales. Although nanoscale materials can be produced using a variety of traditional physical and chemical processes, it is now possible to biologically synthesize materials via environment-friendly green chemistry based techniques. In recent years, the convergence between nanotechnology and biology has created the new field of nanobiotechnology that incorporates the use of biological entities such as actinomycetes algae, bacteria, fungi, viruses, yeasts, and plants in a number of biochemical and biophysical processes. The biological synthesis via nanobiotechnology processes have a significant potential to boost nanoparticles production without the use of harsh, toxic, and expensive chemicals commonly used in conventional physical and chemical processes. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent trends in synthesizing nanoparticles via biological entities and their potential applications.
