The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2023)
Stable Fiber-illumination for Extremely Precise Radial Velocities with NEID
- Shubham Kanodia,
- Andrea S. J. Lin,
- Emily Lubar,
- Samuel Halverson,
- Suvrath Mahadevan,
- Chad F. Bender,
- Sarah E. Logsdon,
- Lawrence W. Ramsey,
- Joe P. Ninan,
- Gumundur Stefánsson,
- Andrew Monson,
- Christian Schwab,
- Arpita Roy,
- Leonardo A. Paredes,
- Eli Golub,
- Jesus Higuera,
- Jessica Klusmeyer,
- William McBride,
- Cullen Blake,
- Scott A. Diddams,
- Fabien Grisé,
- Arvind F. Gupta,
- Fred Hearty,
- Michael W. McElwain,
- Jayadev Rajagopal,
- Paul Robertson,
- Ryan C. Terrien
Affiliations
- Shubham Kanodia
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA [email protected]; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Andrea S. J. Lin
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA [email protected]; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Emily Lubar
- ORCiD
- Aerospace Corporation , 2310 E. El Segundo Blvd. El Segundo, CA 90245-4609, USA
- Samuel Halverson
- ORCiD
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Suvrath Mahadevan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA [email protected]; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics & Astrophysics , Switzerland
- Chad F. Bender
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Sarah E. Logsdon
- ORCiD
- NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Lawrence W. Ramsey
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA [email protected]; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Joe P. Ninan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
- Gumundur Stefánsson
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
- Andrew Monson
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Christian Schwab
- ORCiD
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Macquarie University , Balaclava Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Arpita Roy
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Leonardo A. Paredes
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Eli Golub
- NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Jesus Higuera
- ORCiD
- NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Jessica Klusmeyer
- ORCiD
- NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- William McBride
- NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Cullen Blake
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Scott A. Diddams
- ORCiD
- Electrical, Computer & Energy Engineering, University of Colorado , 425 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Physics, University of Colorado , 2000 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; National Institute of Standards and Technology , 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- Fabien Grisé
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA [email protected]
- Arvind F. Gupta
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA [email protected]; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Fred Hearty
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA [email protected]; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Michael W. McElwain
- ORCiD
- Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory , NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Jayadev Rajagopal
- ORCiD
- NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Paul Robertson
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Ryan C. Terrien
- ORCiD
- Carleton College , One North College Street, Northfield, MN 55057, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acea60
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 166,
no. 3
p. 105
Abstract
NEID is a high-resolution red–optical precision radial velocity (RV) spectrograph recently commissioned at the WIYN 3.5 m telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory, Arizona, USA. NEID has an extremely stable environmental control system, and spans a wavelength range of 380–930 nm with two observing modes: a High Resolution mode at R ∼ 112,000 for maximum RV precision, and a High Efficiency mode at R ∼ 72,000 for faint targets. In this paper we present a detailed description of the components of NEID’s optical fiber feed, which include the instrument, exposure meter, calibration system, and telescope fibers. Many parts of the optical fiber feed can lead to uncalibratable RV errors, which cannot be corrected for using a stable wavelength reference source. We show how these errors directly cascade down to performance requirements on the fiber feed and the scrambling system. We detail the design, assembly, and testing of each component. Designed and built from the bottom-up with a single-visit instrument precision requirement of 27 cm s ^−1 , close attention is paid to the error contribution from each NEID subsystem. Finally, we include the lab and on-sky tests performed during instrument commissioning to test the illumination stability, and discuss the path to achieving the instrumental stability required to search for a true Earth twin around a solar-type star.
Keywords
