Changes in mRNA expression of oncogenesis driver genes in atypical ductal breast hyperplasia

Abstract

Background. Atypical ductal hyperplasia is a relatively common breast lesion that increases the risk of breast cancer by 3.5 to 5 times. Genomic rearrangements underlying the development of atypical proliferative lesions and breast cancer lead to gene expression changings.Aim. To determine the mRNA expression profile of neoplasia and oncogenesis driver genes in atypical ductal hyperplasia of the breast.Materials and methods. The real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to explore the expression profile of 46 genes in 107 samples of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens from atypical ductal hyperplasia, ductal hyperplasia without atypia, ductal carcinoma in situ and normal breast tissue.Results. In atypical ductal hyperplasia, we detected changes in the expression of 22 of 46 studied genes, including ESR1, AR, PRLR, FGFR4, MKI67, CCNB1, KIF14, PAK1, MMP11, GATA3, FOXA1, ZNF703, which were upregulated, and MYC, which was downregulated.Conclusion. The transcriptional signature of atypical ductal hyperplasia was similar to that of ductal carcinoma in situ and breast cancer of luminal subtypes.

Keywords

• atypical ductal hyperplasia of the breast
• premalignant condition
• breast cancer
• mrna profiles of oncogenic driver genes
• real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction