Tri-Integrable Couplings of the Giachetti-Johnson Soliton Hierarchy as well as Their Hamiltonian Structure

Abstract

Based on zero curvature equations from semidirect sums of Lie algebras, we construct tri-integrable couplings of the Giachetti-Johnson (GJ) hierarchy of soliton equations and establish Hamiltonian structures of the resulting tri-integrable couplings by the variational identity.