Mitigating radiation loads in Nb_{3}Sn quadrupoles for the CERN Large Hadron Collider upgrades

Abstract

Challenging beam-induced energy deposition issues are addressed for the next generation of the LHC high-luminosity interaction regions based on Nb_{3}Sn quadrupoles. Detailed mars15 Monte Carlo energy deposition calculations are performed for various coil diameters, thicknesses, and materials of the inner absorber at a field gradient of 200 T/m. It is shown that using the inner absorber made of tungsten-based materials can make the final focus superconducting quadrupoles compatible with a luminosity of 10^{35} cm^{-2} s^{-1}.