The safety and efficacy of a protein-free diet with ketoacid analogues in chronic kidney disease-affected diabetic rats
Ahmed El-Sayed Nour El-Deen,
Adel shallaby,
Abdel Kader Ibrahim,
Mohammed Abdel Aziz Mohammed,
Ahmad Taha,
Mohamed Zaeim Hafez Ahmed,
Muhammad Abdelbaeth Elfiky,
Ahmed A. Abd El-Rhman,
Ahmed F. Abdel Ghany,
Almoatazbellah Mahmoud Elsayed,
Ahmed Noaman Ali,
Ali Abdeslam
Affiliations
Ahmed El-Sayed Nour El-Deen
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan; Corresponding author. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
Adel shallaby
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Abdel Kader Ibrahim
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Mohammed Abdel Aziz Mohammed
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Ahmad Taha
Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan; Department of physiology, faculty of medicine Port Said University, Egypt
Mohamed Zaeim Hafez Ahmed
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Muhammad Abdelbaeth Elfiky
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Ahmed A. Abd El-Rhman
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Ahmed F. Abdel Ghany
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Almoatazbellah Mahmoud Elsayed
Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Ahmed Noaman Ali
Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan; Department of Oral pathology department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt
Ali Abdeslam
Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common vascular complication of diabetes Miletus (DM) that require weight control and dietary restrictions, especially for protein. A protein-restricted diet with ketoacid analogs (KA) reduces the intake of nitrogen while avoiding the harmful consequences of inadequate dietary protein intake. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a protein-free diet with ketoacid analogs in chronic kidney disease (CKD)-affected diabetic rats. Material and methods: Sixty adult male albino rats were grouped into six equal groups (G): G (1) Control group, G (2) Normal rats. Received low protein diet, G (3) Diabetic control rats. Received standard diet, G (4) Diabetic rats. Received low protein diet for 12 weeks, G (5) Diabetic received α-keto amino acids (KAA) with a low protein diet and G (6) Diabetic received α-keto amino acids with protein-free diet. Blood sample was used to assess blood glucose (mg/dl), insulin (pmol/L), urea (mg/dl), creatinine (mg/dl), total cholesterol (TC) (mg/dl), LDL (mg/dl), HDL (mg/dl), triglycerides (TG) (mg/dl), and albumin (mg/dl) levels. Results: A significant decrease in blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, serum urea and creatinine were observed while insulin level, albumin, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine volume and HDL were significantly increased in group six. Conclusion: A protein-free diet containing KAA improves renal function, lowers blood glucose levels, maintains body weight, and does not worsen nutritional status in DN over time.
