Cadernos de Saúde Pública (Jan 2000)

Estudo temporal das doenças associadas à AIDS no Brasil, 1980-1999 Temporal trends in AIDS-associated opportunistic infections in Brazil, 1980-1999

  • Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2000000700003
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16
pp. S21 – S36

Abstract

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Neste trabalho foram estimadas as incidências de condições associadas (CA) à AIDS/100 casos de AIDS em adultos (> 12 anos), a nível nacional, de 1980 a maio de 1999. A análise incluiu qui-quadrado e regressão linear simples. As CA analisadas foram candidíase (CD), tuberculose (TB), pneumonia por Pneumocystis carinii (PCP), neurotoxoplasmose(NT), Herpes, Sarcoma de Kaposi (SK), meningite criptocócica (MC) e infecções por protozoários (IP). As incidências acumuladas/100 casos de AIDS foram: CD = 59, TB = 26, PCP = 23, NT = 15, Herpes = 12, SK = 5, MC = 4 e IP = 4. A tendência anual indicou queda estatisticamente significativa em todas as CA. Entretando, houve aumento na incidência de TB (b = 0,39) e NT (b = 0,20), para as regiões Nordeste e Centro-Oeste, respectivamente. TB apresentou maior incidência entre aqueles com baixa escolaridade (Trends in annual incidence of reported AIDS-associated opportunistic infections (OI/100 adults > 12 years old) among AIDS cases were estimated at the national level in Brazil from 1980 through May 1999. The analysis included chi-square and linear regression modeling. The opportunistic infections included: candidiasis (CD), tuberculosis (TB), Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), neurotoxoplasmosis (NT), Kaposi sarcoma (KS), cryptococcal meningitis (CM), and protozoa infections (PI). The overall cumulative incidence rates/100 reported AIDS cases were: CD = 59, TB = 26, PCP = 23, NT = 15, KS = 5, CM = 4, and PI = 4. Annual trends indicated a statistically significant decline in all OIs. However, in the Northeast and Central-West regions there were increases in TB (b = 0.39) and NT (b = 0.20), respectively. TB showed a higher incidence among individuals with less schooling (< 8 years), while PCP and KS had higher incidence rates among those with 8 or more years of schooling, despite similar downward trends. Access to antiretroviral therapy and OI prophylaxis may partially explain these results. However, data reliability, delay in reporting, OI incidence after AIDS, and reporting and diagnostic criteria are factors that also need to be carefully assessed.

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