Phytotechnology for the recovery of agroecosystems contaminated with metals heavy for industrial waste

Abstract

Industrial contamination of soils with heavy metals affects food safety, the environment and therefore human health, as it is one of the causes of cancer. However, there is a floristic inventory that gathers species capable of accumulating high concentrations of these elements in their tissues without showing signs of toxicity, therefore they can be used to mitigate this type of contamination. The objective of this work is to propose ruderal plant species for phytoremediation purposes to mitigate the contamination present in an agroecosystem where the White Ceramic Company "Adalberto Vidal", in the municipality of San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque. The soil was classified according to the existing pollution conditions, existing flora was inventoried and classified. The soil was classified as Contaminated in Cu, Co, Zn and Pb and in need of urgent remediation due to the concentrations of Ni and Cu; 79 botanical species were obtained, corresponding to 34 families recognized in the literature as accumulators of heavy metals. Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderhyrst (Poaceae) “Star grass” predominates. In addition, in number of species, Gramineae, Legumes and Asteraceae predominated, which coincides with what is described in literature for the Vegetal Formations of Anthropic Savannas.

Keywords

• phytoremediation
• accumulator plants
• food security