Environmental Movements in Today Political Economies with the Emphasis on Silent Revolution

Abstract

Today, the quality of life and social challenges such as environmental pollutants are one of the most important fields of socio-political conflicts that in turn, have been led to nexus between “the social” and “the political”. The current study aims to figure out the influential factors on the extension, overarching and universalization of environmental movements in last decades in developed and developing countries applying an analytical methodology and empirical data and evidences. The important factors (hypothesis) are silent revolution or declination of new generation and citizens to post material values, irresponsibility of governments, development and industrialization with little attention to environmental ethics and using opportunities in global civil society and social networks, such as mobilizational, awakenings and making identification in organizing of public opinion and protests. On the basis of quantitative – empirical studies and world value surveys, the findings reveal that, nowadays, green groups and movements are the important challengers for governments and mobilizers of protestors in two practical- campaign and attitudinal dimensions for the advancement of goals, making governments and companies responsive and universalization of environmental ethics and discourse in the world. Multi millions participation protests at September 2015 is the most extraordinary manifestation of environmentalism.

Keywords

• environmental movement
• silent revolution
• risk society
• environmental ethics
• challenges and threats