Renewable biomass‐derived carbons for electrochemical capacitor applications
Xianyou Luo,
Shaorui Chen,
Tianzhao Hu,
Yong Chen,
Feng Li
Affiliations
Xianyou Luo
State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si‐Zr‐Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering Hainan University Haikou China
Shaorui Chen
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
Tianzhao Hu
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
Yong Chen
State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si‐Zr‐Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering Hainan University Haikou China
Feng Li
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
Abstract Biomass is rich, renewable, sustainable, and green resources, thereby excellent raw material for the fabrication of carbon materials. The diversity in structure and morphology of biomass are relevant in obtaining carbon materials with different structures and performances. The inherent ordered porous structure of biomass also benefits the activation process to yield porous carbons with ultrahigh specific surface area and pore volume. Besides, obtained biomass‐derived carbons (BDCs) are hard carbon with porous morphology, stable structure, superior hardness/strength, and good cycling performances when used in electrochemical capacitors (ECs). The inherent N, S, P, and O elements in biomass yield naturally self‐doped N, S, P, and O BDCs with unique intrinsic structures. In this paper, the synthesis approaches and applications of BDCs in ECs are reviewed. It shows that BDCs electrochemical performances are highly determined by their pore structures, specific surface areas, heteroatoms doping, graphitization degree, defects, and morphologies. The electrochemical performances of BDCs can further be improved by compositing with other materials, such as graphene, carbon nanofibers/nanotubes, transition metal oxides or hydroxides, and conducting polymers. The future challenges and outlooks of BDCs are also provided.
