Evaluation of the sensitivity of Al-Husseiniya soils in Karbala to erosion using Landsat sensors

Abstract

This study has been carried out to evaluate the erosion environmental sensitivity of Husseiniya soils in Karbala governorate in Iraq for the years 92–2022. The method of predictive models and remote sensing data was adopted for soil characteristics related to erosion due to the lack of data related to soil surveys.In this study, Landsat sensors was used to produce these models, where the soil was modelled for the year 2022, and on that basis predictive models and a layer derived for the rest of study years. It was found that erosion increased by 5 % and achieved a significant difference due to salinity increase and organic material decrease, as they are the two factors affecting the increase of soil environmental sensitivity to erosion.When conducting spatial analysis study, a significant spatial effect of calcium carbonate was observed in association with salinity and organic material in obtaining the best stable predictive models because calcium carbonate is the main part controlling the efficiency of soil chemical reactions and physical structures, and that neutralizing its harmful effect in soil associated with increasing soil of organic material.The importance of this work is to inform the beneficiaries of researchers and farmers of soil environmental balance main obstacles within the area of field activity, which is provided by geomatics software due to its digital environment that allows converting soil data into maps and statistical profiles through spatial prediction equations application, which prepares to decision-makers a suitable ground to adopt the method that achieves a solid base to implement the right decision.

Keywords

• Remote sensing
• Erosion
• Landsat
• Karbala
• GIS
• Sensitivity