A survey of deep reinforcement learning application in 5G and beyond network slicing and virtualization

Abstract

The 5th Generation (5G) and beyond networks are expected to offer huge throughputs, connect large number of devices, support low latency and large numbers of business services. To realize this vision, there is a need for a paradigm shift in the way cellular networks are designed, built, and maintained. Network slicing divides the physical network infrastructure into multiple virtual networks to support diverse business services, enterprise applications and use cases. Multiple services and use cases with varying architectures and quality of service requirements on such shared infrastructure complicates the network environment. Moreover, the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of 5G and beyond networks will exacerbate network management and operations complexity. Inspired by the successful application of machine learning tools in solving complex mobile network decision making problems, deep reinforcement learning (Deep RL) methods provide potential solutions to address slice lifecycle management and operation challenges in 5G and beyond networks. This paper aims to bridge the gap between Deep RL and the 5G network slicing research, by presenting a comprehensive survey of their existing research association. First, the basic concepts of Deep RL framework are presented. 5G network slicing and virtualization principles are then discussed. Thirdly, we review challenges in 5G network slicing and the current research efforts to incorporate Deep RL in addressing them. Lastly, we present open research problems and directions for future research.

Keywords

• Machine learning
• Reinforcement learning
• Deep reinforcement learning
• 5G
• Multi-domain network slicing
• Orchestration