Application of gallic acid, rutin and quercetin from marine macroalgae Sargassum sp. to control Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Abstract

Sargassum sp is a type of brown marine macroalgae with bioactive or phytochemical compounds that function as antibacterial. This study aims to detect and isolate bioactive compounds and determine antibacterial activity of flavonoid compounds (rutin and quercetin) and phenols (gallic acid) from Sargassum sp to control Vibrio parahemolyticus. The methods were optimizing extraction and fractionation methods of Sargassum sp extract, as well as testing efficacy of antibacterial activity of flavonoid and phenol compounds from Sargassum sp extract against V. parahaemolyticus bacteria by observing the inhibition zone around the paper disc. The experimental design used the ONE-WAY ANOVA test. The results showed that the yield of Sargassum sp extract could be obtained optimally by the multi-staged maceration method around 82.56%, 89.78%, and 87.78% with n-hexane, ethanol, and ethyl-acetate solvents, respectively. Fractionation of Sargassum sp extract, which was dissolved with ethylacetate and ethanol separately to produce isolates of flavonoids (rutin and quercetin), and phenol (gallic acid). Antibacterial activity of the rutin compound from Sargassum sp extract has the highest inhibition and can inhibit the growth of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria with an inhibition diameter of > 25 mm. Sargassum sp extract can be used to control bacteria disease V. parahaemolyticus in-vitro.