Novel hybrid thiazoles, bis-thiazoles linked to azo-sulfamethoxazole: Synthesis, docking, and antimicrobial activity
Mostafa E. Salem,
Ismail A. Abdelhamid,
Ahmed H.M. Elwahy,
Mohamed A. Ragheb,
Arwa sultan Alqahtani,
Magdi E.A. Zaki,
Faisal K. Algethami,
Huda Kamel Mahmoud
Affiliations
Mostafa E. Salem
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU), P.O. Box, 90950, Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
Ismail A. Abdelhamid
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt; Corresponding author.
Ahmed H.M. Elwahy
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt; Corresponding author.
Mohamed A. Ragheb
Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Division), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
Arwa sultan Alqahtani
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU), P.O. Box, 90950, Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
Magdi E.A. Zaki
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU), P.O. Box, 90950, Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
Faisal K. Algethami
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU), P.O. Box, 90950, Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
Huda Kamel Mahmoud
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
The reaction of sulfamethoxazolehydrazonoyl chloride with thiosemicarbazones, bis-thiosemicarbazones, or 4-amino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole in dioxane in the presence of triethylamine as a basic catalyst at reflux resulted in the regioselective synthesis of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles linked to azo-sulfamethoxazole as novel hybrid molecules. The structures of the new compounds were confirmed using a range of spectra. Each compound's antibacterial properties were evaluated using the agar well-diffusion technique, and most of them demonstrated significant potency. In silico investigations revealed that the described compounds had strong interactions with the binding sites of MurE ligase, tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, and dihydropteroate synthase, demonstrating inhibitory activity.
