INFLUENCE OF DURATION AND THE SOWING METHOD ON THE FEATURES OF VEGETATION OF GRAIN SORGHUM AND SORIZ

Abstract

Due to the climatic changes in Ukraine accompanied by high air temperatures, insignificant or total absence of precipitation during the critical periods of vegetation of winter and spring cereal crops, the problem of producing a sufficient amount of grain can be due to the expansion of sown areas of heat and drought-resistant crops, including grain sorghum and soriz. In this regard, the issue of selection of high-yielding varieties of such crops is relevant, as well as the development of effective cultivation techniques. The purpose of the study is to create optimal agrotechnical conditions for a complete production process of grain sorghum and soriz plants in Western Forest Steppe due to the optimization of the time and method of sowing. The research methodology included the use of field, laboratory and statistical methods. The study results allowed us establish that the field germination of seeds depends mainly on the time of sowing and it was the highest after sowing sorghum and soriz in the second term, when the average daily temperature of the soil at a depth of 10 cm was at the level of +12–14 °C (79.5–84.9 %). Seeding methods do not affect the seed germination. Sorghum grain of Perlyna variety had the most prolonged vegetation period (143 days) and soriz grain of Vinets variety had the smallest one (134 days).