Thoracic Cancer (Jul 2023)

Platinum‐combination chemotherapy with or without immune‐checkpoint inhibitor in patients with postoperative recurrent non‐small cell lung cancer previously treated with adjuvant platinum‐doublet chemotherapy: A multicenter retrospective study

  • Kakeru Hisakane,
  • Takehiro Tozuka,
  • Satoshi Takahashi,
  • Namiko Taniuchi,
  • Nobuhiko Nishijima,
  • Kenichiro Atsumi,
  • Tetsuya Okano,
  • Masahiro Seike,
  • Takashi Hirose

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.14992
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 21
pp. 2069 – 2076

Abstract

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Abstract Background Rechallenge with platinum‐combination chemotherapy in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after disease progression on platinum‐combination chemotherapy occasionally leads to a favorable response. The efficacy and safety of platinum‐combination chemotherapy with or without immune‐checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for patients with recurrent NSCLC after surgery followed by adjuvant platinum‐doublet chemotherapy remains uncertain. Methods Patients who relapsed after surgery plus adjuvant platinum‐doublet chemotherapy and received platinum‐combination chemotherapy with or without ICI between April 2011 and March 2021 at four Nippon Medical School hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 177 patients who received adjuvant platinum‐doublet chemotherapy after surgery, a total of 30 patients who received platinum‐combination rechemotherapy with or without ICI after relapse were included in this study. Seven patients received ICI‐combined chemotherapy. The median disease‐free survival (DFS) after surgery was 13.6 months. The objective response rate and disease‐control rate were 46.7% and 80.0%, respectively. The median progression‐free survival and overall survival were 10.2 and 37.5 months, respectively. Patients with longer DFS (≥12 months) had a better prognosis than others. The most common grade ≥3 toxicity associated with this treatment was neutropenia (33%). Grade ≥3 immune‐related adverse events were pneumonitis (14%) and colitis (14%). Treatment‐related deaths did not occur in this study. Conclusion Platinum‐combination chemotherapy with or without ICI for patients with postoperative recurrent NSCLC who previously received adjuvant platinum‐doublet chemotherapy was effective and safe. In particular, this therapy may be promising for patients with longer DFS.

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