Prevalence of dysfunction in sensory integration in kindergarten children

Abstract

Background Children with dysfunction in sensory integration (DSI) have difficulty effectively and efficiently interacting with their environment. It has been estimated that 5 to 10% ofchildren without disabilities have DSI. Late assessment and intervention in children with this problem may significantly impact further development. To date, there is no available data on DSI prevalence in Indonesian children, which is crucial for better understanding of the DSI burden in the community. Objective To estimate the prevalence of DSI in North Jakarta children using standardized screening tools. Methods Parents of kindergarten children from two private schools in N orth Jakarta were given questionnaire packets including the Family Information Questionnaire and Winnie Dunn's Short Sensory Profile (SSP) to assess demographic data and parents' perceptions of their children with regards to DSI. Results Of 264 questionnaire packets distributed, 117 packets were returned (44.3%). Most children were of Chinese ethnicity and aged 3 to 5 years. Of the 117 children, 49 children ( 41.9%) met the criteria for DSI (definite difference), 33 children (28.2%) were in the probable difference category for DSI, and 35 children (29.9%) were in the category of typical performance. The scores for the parameters of under-responsive and visual/auditory sensitivity were the most commonly observed in subjects in the definite difference category. From all questionnaire packets, a total of 18.56% of children in selected kindergartens in North Jakarta met the screening criteria for DSI, while an additional 12.5% were likely to have the disorder. Conclusion Based on parental reports, we find that 18.56% of children from two private kindergartens in North Jakarta had DSI, while an additional 12.5% are likely to have the disorder.

Keywords

• dysfunction in sensory integration, short sensory profile, screening, parents’ report