A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler of the 330 MW unit have problems such as nonuniform bed temperature, heating surface wear, tube burst and so on. Combustion optimizing adjustment test was carried out to solve these problems. Adjustment test result show that through key operation parameters such as optimizing primary air flow, total air flow and wind-box pressure, the best operation condition and parameters are determined, average carbon content in bottom ash and fly ash is reduced, boiler thermal efficiency is increased by 0.85%. Total power of primary air fan and secondary air fan is reduced by 0.8MW, auxiliary power rate also is decreased by 0.24%. Operational safety and economy of the boiler has been further improved.