Зерновое хозяйство России (May 2018)
Grain quality and drought tolerance of the winter soft wheat varieties
Abstract
Grain quality and drought tolerance of the winter soft wheat varieties The article considers the study of the traits of winter soft wheat (mass share of protein and gluten) and the level of drought tolerance of these samples under natural conditions. During the years of study the trait “mass share of protein” ranged from 12.8% (the variety “Kipchak”) to 16.3% (the line “1062/09”). The genotypes of the lines “1026/09” (15.0%), “1401/09” (14.9%), “1127/09” (14.8%), the varieties “Nakhodka” (14.8%), “Aksiniya” (14.7%), “Shef” (14.7%) and “Etyud” (14.7%) have been selected due to their maximum average mass share of protein. These samples can be used as the sources of large mass share of protein in the breeding programs. The mass share of gluten in grain of the studied varieties ranged from 23.0% (the variety “Ermak”) to 28.4% (the variety “Nakhodka”). The varieties “Nakhodka” (CV = 1.6%; 28.4%) and “Shef” (CV = 2.0%; 28.0%) have been selected due to the combination of a low coefficient of variation and large mass share of gluten in grain. On average all studied samples had high level of heat tolerance (Ist group), the trait varied from 74.3% (the variety “Kazachka”) to 98.4% (the variety “Etyud”). The varieties “Nakhodka” (72.2%) and “Shef” (79.7%) have shown high indexes of drought tolerance and large content of gluten in grain (28.4% and 28% respectively). The study of correlation between mass share of protein and gluten have revealed an average positive correlation (r = 0.67 ± 0.20). The average feedback of protein content and drought tolerance was (r = -0.51 ± 0.23). There is an average direct correlation between heat tolerance and mass share of protein (r = 0.63 ± 0.20) and an average correlation with mass share of gluten in grain (r = 0.57 ± 0.22). The varieties “Nakhodka” and “Shef”, having high level of drought tolerance and mass share of protein and gluten in grain, can be recommended for introducing them into the breeding programs on drought tolerance and grain quality.
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