PLoS ONE (Jan 2023)

Biomarkers of immunothrombosis and polymorphisms of IL2, IL6, and IL10 genes as predictors of the severity of COVID-19 in a Kazakh population.

  • Assiya Yessenbayeva,
  • Bakytbek Apsalikov,
  • Meruyert Massabayeva,
  • Maksut Kazymov,
  • Aizhan Shakhanova,
  • Zhanna Mussazhanova,
  • Irina Kadyrova,
  • Nurlan Aukenov,
  • Nurlan Shaimardanov

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288139
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 18, no. 6
p. e0288139

Abstract

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ObjectivesTo study the role of biological markers of immunothrombosis and polymorphisms of cytokine genes IL2, IL6, IL10 and their influence on the severity of COVID-19 in a Kazakh population.MethodsA total of 301 patients of Kazakh nationality with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 participated in the retrospective study, including 142 patients with severe and 159 with a mild course. Single nucleotide polymorphisms IL2R rs1801274, IL6 rs2069840, and IL10 rs1800872 were genotyped by real-time PCR. Activated partial thromboplastin time, normalized ratio, prothrombin index, prothrombin time, fibrinogen prothrombin time, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein analysis were also conducted.ResultsThe average age of patients with severe COVID-19 is higher than of patients with mild COVID-19 (p = 0.03). The findings showed that fibrinogen, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein were significantly greater in the group of patients with severe COVID-19 (p = 0.0001). A very strong correlation between the severity of COVID-19 with the D-dimer and C-reactive protein (p = 0.9) (p = 0.02) was found.ConclusionThe results of our study confirm that D-dimer, fibrinogen, and CRP are biomarkers of inflammation and hypercoagulation that serve as predictors of immunothrombosis affecting the severity of COVID-19. D-dimer is also associated with IL10 rs1800872 gene polymorphism in the Kazakh population with severe COVID-19.