Guan'gai paishui xuebao (Jan 2023)

Combined Effects of Irrigation and Fertilization on Growth and Fertilizer Utilization of Winter Wheat

  • CHEN Haiqing,
  • HUANG Chao,
  • LIU Xuchen,
  • GONG Wenjun,
  • SUN Mengqiang,
  • ZHANG Yajuan,
  • WANG Xingpeng,
  • LIU Zhandong

DOI
https://doi.org/10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022217
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 42, no. 1
pp. 31 – 38

Abstract

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【Objective】 Water and nutrients are interactive in their uptakes by crops. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how fertilization and irrigation combine to modulate winter wheat yield and fertilizer utilization. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted from 2020 to 2021 at a winter wheat field in the Xinxiang Comprehensive Experimental Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It consisted of a drip irrigation (D) and a border irrigation (Q); each irrigation had four fertilization treatments: nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), nitrogen and potassium (NK), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), and phosphorus and potassium (PK). In each treatment, we measured growth, yield and fertilizer utilization of the crop. 【Result】 Regardless of the irrigation methods, PM increased plant height and leaf area index while reducing spike length, spike grain number and thousand-grain weight significantly, compared to NPK. The grain number per spike in border irrigation was higher than that in drip irrigation, while the thousand-grain weight in border irrigation was lower than that in drip irrigation. Under drip irrigation, the yield of PK was 25.0% lower than that of NPK, while the difference in yield between NP and NK was not significant. Drip irrigation increased utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers by 49.48%, 4.01% and 18.07%, respectively, compared to border irrigation, and it also increased the productivity of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Soil nitrate residuals at harvest under drip irrigation were lower than those under border irrigation, and soil nitrate residues in Q+NK were 18.7% lower than that in Q+NPK. 【Conclusion】 Comprehensive analysis shows D+NK is optimal to improve fertilizer utilization and reduce residual soil nitrate at harvest. It also promotes the use of indigenous phosphorus by the crop thereby improving phosphorus use efficiency.

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