Isolated Breast Relapse of Early T-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia after Stem Cell Transplantation: A Pediatric Case and Literature Review

Abstract

Extramedullary relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) usually occurs in the central nervous system and testes those are known as sanctuary sites. Only a few cases of isolated breast relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have been reported in pediatric ALL, with little known about the optimal treatment and prognosis of such cases. Herein, we report a pediatric case of isolated breast relapse with early T-cell precursor ALL after HSCT. We also describe a literature review of six pediatric cases, including our case.

Keywords

• extramedullary relapse
• isolated breast relapse
• pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
• hematopoietic stem cell transplantation