Synergistic Effect in Au-Cu Bimetallic Catalysts for the Valorization of Lignin-Derived Compounds

Abstract

The selective oxidation of veratryl alcohol as lignin-derived compound was studied under mild conditions, using Au-Cu catalysts synthesized from pre-formed nanoparticles with different Au:Cu molar ratios. Bimetallic catalysts show higher activity compared to monometallic counterparts, highlighting a clear synergistic effect. By comparing the physico-chemical surface properties of catalysts supported on carbon and Al2O3, we were able to establish a strong support effect, with alumina-based catalysts being more active than carbon-supported ones. Moreover, TEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed a different composition of nanoparticles (NPs) and metal exposure, and we established that Au is the active phase of the reaction. The co-presence of Au and Cu species, and their different interaction with the support, enabled obtaining more than 70% conversion of veratryl alcohol to veratryl aldehyde as a unique product. Moreover, the Au1Cu1 supported on alumina catalyst was recovered by filtration and reused without significant loss of activity and selectivity up to four times.

Keywords

• veratryl alcohol
• veratraldehyde
• au-cu bimetallic catalysts
• support effect
• catalytic oxidation
• second-generation biomass