International Journal of General Medicine (Sep 2021)

Early Pregnancy Glycemic Levels in Non-Diabetic Women and Pregnancy Outcome: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

  • Al-Husban N,
  • Abu-Hassan DW,
  • Qatawneh A,
  • AlSunna Z,
  • Alkhatib Y,
  • Alnawaiseh S,
  • Alkhatib M,
  • Yousef M

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 14
pp. 5703 – 5709

Abstract

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Naser Al-Husban,1 Diala Walid Abu-Hassan,2 Ayman Qatawneh,1 Zaid AlSunna,3 Yasmine Alkhatib,3 Seif Alnawaiseh,3 Moyasser Alkhatib,3 Maysa Yousef3 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; 2Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; 3Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, JordanCorrespondence: Naser Al-HusbanFaculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Jordan, P. O Box 2194, Amman, 11941, JordanTel +962-77208608Fax +962 64643217Email [email protected]: Maternal fasting blood sugar (FBS) variations within normal range and lower than that in diabetes mellitus (DM) may be associated with adverse feto-maternal outcomes.Objective: To find out if a rise of maternal FBS level above 80 but still below 120 mg/dL (group 2) has an influence on feto-maternal outcomes compared with a maternal FBS below 80 mg/dL (group 1).Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study. FBS was measured at the booking visit. Subjects whose FBS was measured before 20 weeks were categorized according to their FBS (> 80 mg/dL or ≤ 80 mg/dL) and correlation between FBS levels in the two groups with several parameters were tested.Results: Group 1 (130 healthy pregnant women) and group 2 (88 healthy pregnant women) did not show a statistical difference in age or BMI. More statistically significant cases were diagnosed with GDM in group 2 than in group 1 (39.8% vs 16.9%, P value 0.000). More cases that needed pharmacological intervention in the form of metformin or insulin or both were seen in group 2 than in group 1 (p value 0.007 and 0.061, respectively). More but not statistically significant polyhydramnios was seen more in group 2 than in group 1 (9.1% vs 3.1%, p value 0.056). There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in relation to all other fetomaternal outcome parameters that were studied.Conclusion: Raised maternal fasting blood glucose level (80– 120 mg/dL) in healthy primigravid women in early pregnancy was associated with significant diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and need for pharmacological intervention. An association was found with polyhydramnios but this was not statistically significant. No influence was found on preterm birth, fetal weight, mode of delivery or APGAR score. More attention should be given to FBS levels early in pregnancy to reduce the risk for later complications.Keywords: fasting, fetomaternal, glycemic, outcome, pregnancy

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