Granì (Aug 2016)
Socio-philosophical preconditions of formation of the concept of security in protosociology
Abstract
The ambiguity of the scientific interpretation of the concept of security is linked to the existence of philosophical systems, general ideas about the structure of society and the state, the laws of their functioning and development. In antiquity the security determined in the light of the collapse of the foundations of an archaic society, as the protection of the state and its citizens from numerous external threats. Existing approaches for Security concept significantly different, because it is defined as the highest value of the state, the law, or treated as an opportunity to meet the needs of the functioning of the individual, and then the whole society. In the works of medieval thinkers security was identified with the attributes of the divine providence, speaking of one of the functions of religion. In this historical period, antique principle of self-preservation of the individual and the state has been replaced by the principle of salvation. For the philosophical ideas of Antiquity and the Middle Ages are characterized by the absence of direct interest to the understanding of cognitive public safety. The mechanistic knowledge of the world allowed the thinkers of the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and modern times to expand the boundaries of ideas about the world, highlight the principles of human safe interaction with nature and the social environment, which resulted in an awareness of the need to study safety analysis of the essence of the mechanisms of its maintenance in the society, the state. In the Age of Enlightenment within the statistical picture of the world security is seen as a balance between systems and subsystems that, with affiliation to the human being, to determine the nature of interdependence secure the existence of a particular person and society as a whole. Historical experience shows that one of the highest goals of any government is the safety of the country, the system of social relations, public order and ensure the full protection of citizens. Securing the existence of society and its representatives can not be done without establishing connections and relationships between people, between people and nature, and without taking into account potential / apparent, internal / external dangers and threats. The development of the theory of security is impossible without taking into account the foundations of social and philosophical heritage in this area, which is often out of sight of researchers. Socio-philosophical prerequisites of security concept creates the necessary conditions for the formation of general ideas about it as an objective reality, the study of which with the use of scientific and special methods of knowledge allows us to formulate the basic laws, scientific system of safety management principles that will ensure the safe existence of the person, the effective functioning of society and the state.
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