Zhongguo quanke yixue (Mar 2023)
Dietary and Physical Activity Behavior Promotion Strategies after Bariatric Surgery from a Cognitive Perspective: an Integrative Review
Abstract
Background With the growing problem of obesity, the demand for bariatric surgery has increased these years. Patients still need to maintain good living habits after surgery to consolidate the weight loss effects. While the behavioral guidelines are relatively mature, patient's behavioral compliance is not ideal, resulting in a high rate of postoperative weight regain. In that case, we can depend on strategies to promote dietary and physical activity behaviors in patients from the cognitive perspective. Objective To systematically code and merge the dietary and physical activity behavior promotion strategies after bariatric surgery from the cognitive perspective. Methods In June 2022, the WHITTEMORE and KNAFL's integrative review methodology was used. Studies written in English related to dietary and physical activity behavior promotion strategies after bariatric surgery were searched in databases of PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and CINAHL, and those in Chinese were searched in databases of CNKI and Wanfang Data from January 1994 to June 2022. The 2016 version of the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included, and the strategies extracted from which were uniformly coded and merged according to the CALO-RE taxonomy. Results A total of 25 studies were included, including 17 randomized controlled trials, 4 observational studies, and 4 reviews. After coding, all strategies were covered by CALO-RE taxonomy, involving 25 kinds, mainly including self-monitoring of behavior, social support, goal setting, identifying barriers/problem resolution, etc. A total of 46 strategies were obtained and used to create a strategy set named "promotion strategies of dietary and physical activity behaviors after bariatric surgery". Conclusion Through the application of the integrative review methodology and the guidance of CALO-RE taxonomy, this study systematically coded and merge the dietary and physical activity behavior promotion strategies from the cognitive perspective for applicable to patients after bariatric surgery, providing a reservoir of techniques for postoperative behavioural management. After assessing patients' behavioural levels and cognitive factors, bariatric surgery providers can select appropriate strategies to improve patients' behavioural compliance. This strategy set can be further validated and optimised in future empirical studies.
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