Bilothorax: a Rare Entity for a Frequent Diagnosis. A Case Report/ Biliotórax: una entidad rara para un diagnóstico frecuente. Un reporte de caso

Abstract

Introduction: Bilothorax is a rare condition defined by the presence of bile in the pleural space. Currently, there are around 70 cases described in the literature. It remains relatively unknown and, therefore, little suspected. This entity is usually the result of an iatrogenic injury, often secondary to surgery or trauma to the biliary tract, leading to the formation of a pleurobiliary fistula. Clinical case: We present the case of a patient with probable metastatic lung cancer to the pleura and liver who, due to extensive liver disease, developed bilothorax as a complication. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of having a high degree of suspicion for bilothorax in patients presenting with pleural effusion caused by lung cancer with extensive metastatic liver disease. Although it is a rare diagnosis, bilothorax can cause significant respiratory complications and morbidity.

Keywords

• bilothorax
• liver metastases
• malignant pleural effusion
• lung cancer