Improvements for Tissue-Chopping-Based Immunofluorescence Staining Method of Chloroplast Proteins
Lulu Wang,
Yajuan Chen,
Di Niu,
Mingdong Tang,
Jinjie An,
Shanshan Xue,
Xiaomin Liu,
Hongbo Gao
Affiliations
Lulu Wang
National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Yajuan Chen
Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Di Niu
National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Mingdong Tang
National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Jinjie An
National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Shanshan Xue
National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Xiaomin Liu
National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Hongbo Gao
National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Immunofluorescence staining is a very common method for the subcellular localization study of proteins. A tissue-chopping-based immunofluorescence staining method for chloroplast proteins overcomes the restriction of plant cell wall, makes the operation simpler, and uses less experimental materials. Here we provide some improvements for this method. We found that the stained tissues can be directly observed with a confocal microscope without tissue lysis. Samples maintained at a low temperature (0–4 °C) throughout the process can reduce the intensity of chlorophyll autofluorescence and the background signal. A low temperature is also good for the storage of the sample. Fluorescence signal of the stained samples can be kept for several weeks if they are stored at −20 °C. FtsZ is an essential component of the chloroplast division apparatus. We demonstrated this method with the immunofluorescence staining of FtsZ1 in wildtype Arabidopsis and some chloroplast division mutants. We also successfully tested this method by the immunofluorescence staining of FtsZ1 in many other plants, including woody plants. With these procedures, the performance of tissue-chopping-based immunofluorescence staining method are further improved.
