Effect of pregnancy tests on demand for family planning: evidence from a randomized controlled trial in Uganda

Abstract

Plain Language Summary Women in developing countries, especially in Africa, have high-unmet needs for family planning as well as high-unintended rates of pregnancy. At the same time, they may learn their pregnancy status later than women in higher-income countries due to irregular menstrual periods, malnutrition, or limited access to home pregnancy tests. Better awareness of pregnancy status can lead to the facilitation of family planning uptake. This paper experimentally evaluates the effect of the provision of home pregnancy tests on family planning take-up among Ugandan women. We find high demand for pregnancy tests among women when offered. At the same time, we find no impact of pregnancy tests on the take-up of free family planning at local community outreach centers. Demand for pregnancy tests is high and access to pregnancy tests has the potential to facilitate the demand for family planning. This study suggests that more research is needed to understand underlying beliefs about pregnancy status and risk that guide behaviors ultimately important for maternal and neonatal health.

Keywords

• Pregnancy tests
• Family planning
• Unmet needs of contraception
• Randomized controlled trial
• Uganda