Phase separation and exotic vortex phases in a two-species holographic superfluid

Abstract

Abstract At finite temperature, the stable equilibrium states of coupled two-component Bose Einstein condensations (BECs) with the same conformal mass in both non-rotating and rotating condition can be obtained by studying its real dynamics via holography. The equilibrium state is the state where the free energy reaches the minimum and does not change any more. In the case of no rotation, the spatial phase separated states of the two components become more stable than the miscible condensates state when the direct repulsive inter-component coupling constant $$\eta>\eta _c>0$$ η > η c > 0 . Under rotation, the quantum fluid reveals four equilibrium structures of vortex states by varying the $$\eta $$ η from the miscible region to the phase separated region. Among the four structures, the vortex sheet solution is the most exotic one that appears in the phase separated region.