Toscana virus (TOSV) meningitis with atypical characteristics: Report of two cases
Roberta Maria Antonello,
Giuseppe Formica,
Letizia Attala,
Dario Mannini,
Lorenzo Zammarchi,
Alessandro Bartoloni,
Massimo Antonio Di Pietro
Affiliations
Roberta Maria Antonello
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Giuseppe Formica
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Letizia Attala
Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Santa Maria Annunziata, Bagno a Ripoli, Florence, Italy
Dario Mannini
Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Santa Maria Annunziata, Bagno a Ripoli, Florence, Italy
Lorenzo Zammarchi
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy; Correspondence to: Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
Alessandro Bartoloni
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
Massimo Antonio Di Pietro
Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Santa Maria Annunziata, Bagno a Ripoli, Florence, Italy
Toscana virus (TOSV) is an emerging cause of central nervous system (CNS) infections, especially in endemic countries during summer. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is usually clear, with 60 % serum glucose) and normal ( 500 cells/mm3 was reported in 12/62 (19.4 %) patients, hypoglycorrhachia in 3/62 (4.8 %) patients, mild hyperproteinorachia (45 - 75 mg/dL) in 7/62 (11.3 %) patients and severe hyperproteinorachia (> 75 mg/dL) in 40/62 (64.5 %) patients. TOSV should be considered in the differential diagnosis of CNS infections in endemic areas during the warm season even when CSF examination shows atypical results.
