The Role of ABC Books and Dictionaries at the End of XIX – the Beginning of the XX Century in the History of the Bashkir Literary Language

Abstract

The present work is devoted to the linguistic analysis of the first Bashkir ABC books, textbooks and dictionaries compiled on the basis of the Russian script at the end of XIX – the beginning of the XX centuries. The linguistic characteristics, the graphic and phonetic analysis, comparison of the written sources with dialects of the modern Bashkir literary language are the main directions in which the research was conducted. In this work, proceeding from the character and the purpose of the studied material, the widely applied in linguistics descriptive (i.e. the careful description of each separate source at the level of a graphophonetics, graphomorphology, morphology) and historical and comparative (comparison of separate historical stages of development of the Bashkir literary language) methods are used. The results of the research allow to find out the influence of the studied sources on formation and development of the Bashkir writing and language standards of the literary language. During this period a new type of the Bashkir literary language, different from Turkic began to be formed, i.e. Bashkir gained recognition as an independent language with the writing based on the Russian script.