Carbon Dioxide Adsorption over Activated Carbons Produced from Molasses Using H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, HCl, NaOH, and KOH as Activating Agents
Karolina Kiełbasa,
Şahin Bayar,
Esin Apaydin Varol,
Joanna Sreńscek-Nazzal,
Monika Bosacka,
Piotr Miądlicki,
Jarosław Serafin,
Rafał J. Wróbel,
Beata Michalkiewicz
Affiliations
Karolina Kiełbasa
Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Şahin Bayar
Faculty of Engineering, Deptarment of Chemical Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir 26555, Turkey
Esin Apaydin Varol
Faculty of Engineering, Deptarment of Chemical Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir 26555, Turkey
Joanna Sreńscek-Nazzal
Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Monika Bosacka
Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Piotr Miądlicki
Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Jarosław Serafin
Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Rafał J. Wróbel
Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Beata Michalkiewicz
Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Cost-effective activated carbons for CO2 adsorption were developed from molasses using H2SO4, H3PO4, HCl, NaOH, and KOH as activating agents. At the temperature of 0 °C and a pressure of 1 bar, CO2 adsorption equal to 5.18 mmol/g was achieved over activated carbon obtained by KOH activation. The excellent CO2 adsorption of M-KOH can be attributed to its high microporosity. However, activated carbon prepared using HCl showed quite high CO2 adsorption while having very low microporosity. The absence of acid species on the surface promotes CO2 adsorption over M-HCl. The pore size ranges that are important for CO2 adsorption at different temperatures were estimated. The higher the adsorption temperature, the more crucial smaller pores were. For 1 bar pressure and temperatures of 0, 10, 20, and 30 °C, the most important were pores equal and below: 0.733, 0.733, 0.679, and 0.536 nm, respectively.
